A government bill submitted to the People’s Majlis would establish civil remedies for defamation, including statements made on social media.
The Right to Protection of Name and Reputation Bill defines defamation as the publication of false material that lowers a person in the estimation of reasonable people, exposes them to hatred or causes loss. It covers speech, writing, drawings, photographs, broadcasts, films, stage performances and gestures.
Individuals, companies, registered media outlets and online intermediaries can be held liable. Private messages between two people are excluded unless they reach a third party. The law can apply to material published abroad if it is accessible in the Maldives and harms someone in the country.
Truth is a complete defence, as is honest opinion based on true facts. Absolute privilege covers statements in parliament and in court. A claimant must first give the other party at least seven days’ written notice. Claims must be filed within one year, and courts are expected to decide within six months.
Compensation for material loss is capped at MVR 500,000. Non-material harm to reputation attracts damages between MVR 50,000 and MVR 500,000. Courts may also order corrections, apologies or removal of material. Government institutions and independent commissions cannot be sued under the bill.
President Dr Mohamed Muizzu has said the measure gives effect to constitutional protections for name and reputation and does not restrict truthful information or honest opinion.
